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Ninian Niven (1799 – 18 February 1879) was a Scottish Horticulture and landscape gardener.
Niven married Agnes Craig. One son, Francis Wilson, emigrated to Victoria, Australia and became a printer. Another son, James Craig (1828–1881), was a gardener in Belfast Botanic Gardens from 1843 and Kew Gardens from 1846, and went on to become curator of Hull Botanic Garden in 1855.
He resigned from the Botanic Gardens in October 1838, and established the Garden Farm nursery in Clonturk Lodge, Drumcondra, Dublin. This nursery specialised in vines and fruit trees. Niven also ran horticultural courses from his home at Sandycourt, Drumcondra. As a landscape designer, he designed the gardens of many Irish country houses, influenced by his visit to France in the 1830s. In the Phoenix Park alone he designed the gardens of the viceregal lodge, chief secretary's lodge, and under-secretary's lodge as well as the People's Garden there. He also designed the Iveagh Gardens for the great exhibition of 1865, and Hilton Park, Clones, County Monaghan in 1870. He also drew and painted plants for publication such as the Botanist.
Niven was an active member of the Royal Horticultural Society, serving as secretary from 1847 to 1853. He was also an associate of the Linnean Society. He wrote a number of articles for gardening periodicals. He won a silver medal from the Royal Dublin Society in 1835 for an essay on the potato crop failure. During the Great Famine, he published a pamphlet, The potato epidemic and its probable consequences, in the form of an open letter to Augustus FitzGerald, 3rd Duke of Leinster. He mistakenly attributed the cause of the potato disease to atmospheric conditions, unlike David Moore, who correctly deduced the cause of the blight. In 1869 he published a volume of poems, Redemption thoughts.
He worked in his garden at Garden Farm until the day he died, on 18 February 1879.
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